Bernard f



BERNARD F. DRAKENFELD, JR., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GLASS AND METHOD or AKING THE SAME.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BERNARD F. 'DRAKEN- FELD, J r., a citizenof the United 'States, residing at 103 East 86th St, New York clty, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Glass and of Making Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the method of manufacturing glass, the object of the invention being to provide an 1mproved method of making glass whereby the strength, temper and appearance of glass will be materially improved. The improvements have to do with the manufacture of soda, potash or lead glasses 1n whichthe principal alkali is soda or potash or both, although". the invention is not necessarily confined to glasses of these particular characters.

' glass batch wherein the la'r batch.

This improved method consists in adding to the basic of lithia and aluminum-bearing minerals, such as spodumene. For instance, to a soda principal alkali is soda, I add a certain proportion of spodumene or a similar mineral containingllth a and aluminum.

spodumene is a mineral largely found n South Dakota, California and other parts of the country and is of the nature of a lithiumaluminum metasilicate, the chemical formula for the same approximating LiAl (SiO the equivalent of silica 64.5% alumina 27.4% and lithia 8.4%.

In practice, to a basic batch, for instance for making ars, bottles, wlndow or plate glass or other inexpensive glass, I add from one to five per cent, more or less of spodumene to the entire weight of the batch, which addition has the effect of substantially increasing the strength and temper of the glass.

, In some cases I may fuse the spodumene separately or mix it with soda or lime and other chemicals and .then bail out the fused material and afterward add it to the reguas for instance the making of special glasses, I add up to fifty per cent. of the spodumene, but in all instances it is found that the addition of spodumene to the batch very materially improves the strength and temper of the glass.

The addition of spodumene in suitable In certain cases,

Specification of Letters .Patent.

Methods the.

glass batch a certain proportion Patented May 13, 1919.

. Application filed October 1, 1918. Serial No. 256,374.

proportions to glass batches, primarily by reason of the lithia content, reduces the coefiiclent of expansion and thereby renders the finlshed glass more stable when subjectid to high heat, that is, more resistant to The term glass asherein used is intended to cover any vitreous body, such as vitreous enamelsand all classes of pottery glazes and such analogous materials, since enamels and glazes are forms of glass and are very effectively made by the addition of spodumene thereto.

It is understood of course that I do not confine myself to the exact proportions here 1n specified as such proportions are given as sirable ones in the manufacture of this improved glass.

7 portions hereinbefore referred to, the batch window or examples of what has been found to be deinstance the batch is itself 3 consists of sand and soda or potash or both with or without lime, and therefore as these several batches from which glass is usually made are well known, a more detailed description thereof is unnecessary and therefore the term Batch as used in the claims is intended to cover any of the mixtures of raw-materials well known in the art.

The use of spodumene in the manufacture of glass not only toughens and strengthens the glass but it decreases the viscosity of the molten glass, so that the flowing qualities thereof are increased.

I claim asmy invention:

1. The method of making glass, which consists in adding to an unfused batch .of

glass'making materials the mineral spodu- 105 mene. and then fusing the mixture.

'2, The method of making glass,

consists in adding to an unfused batch of the mineral spodu mene in a fused condition, the mlxture.

3. The method of making glass, which consists in adding to an unfused batch of per cent. of spodumene, 30 batch.

spodumene,

then fusing the mixture.

4. The method of making glass, which consists in adding to an unfused batch of glass making materials a substantially exceeding fifty per cent. of ithia and aluminum bearing materials in afused condition, and then fusing the mixture.

5. The method of making lass, which consists in adding a quantity 0 spodumene to a glass batch, and then fusing the batch thereby to produce a glass in which the strength, temper and appearance thereof is materially improved.

6. The method of making glass, which consists. in adding up to'fifty per cent. of

spodumene toa glass batch, and then fusing the batch. R

7. The method of making inexpensive glass, which consists in adding to a glass batch from about one to five per cent. of

and then fusing the batch.

8. The method of making soda glass, which consists in adding to a glass batch a quantity not substantially exceeding fifty and then fusing the '9. The method of making specially formed glass or glass containing boracic acid, which rately, proportion not so fused material consists in adding to a glass batch from one to fifty per cent. of spodumene, and then fusing the batch.

10. The method of making glass, which consists in first fusing 1spod umene sepaand then adding it to a batch of g ass.

11. The method of making glass, which consists in first fusing spodumene separately, and then adding to a batch of glass a quantity thereof not exceeding fifty per cent. of the weight of the batch of glass.

12. The method of making glass, which consists in fusing spodumene with glass-producing materials, then bailing the fused glass, and then subsequently adding this fused material to aglass batch.

13. The methodof making glass, which consists in first fusing spodumene with a glass making material, and then adding the to a glass batch.

14. The method of making glass, which consists in first fusing spodumene with an alkaline material then balling out the fused material, and then adding the so fused material to a glass batch.

15. As an article of manufacture, glass containing fused s odumene.

Signed at New ork city, New York, this thirtieth day of September, 1918.

BERNARD F. DRAKENFELD, JR 

